Treaty of Madrid and Formation of the League of Cognac (1526)

Francis I signed the Treaty of Madrid on 14 January 1526, surrendering claims to Burgundy and other territories. He later repudiated these terms, leading to the formation of the League of Cognac on 22 May 1526 to oppose Charles V.

Episodes

Background and detail

Background. The Italian War of 1521–1526 pitted Francis I and Venice against Charles V, Henry VIII, and the Papal States. During negotiations, Charles demanded the surrender of Lombardy, Burgundy, and Provence, forcing Francis to argue that French law prevented him from surrendering crown lands without Parlement approval.

Treaty of Madrid. On 14 January 1526, Francis and Charles signed the Treaty of Madrid. Francis surrendered his claims to Italy, Artois, Flanders, and Burgundy. This agreement was reached after Charles became anxious to settle before another war began, despite demands from Venice and the Pope.

Repudiation and Alliance. Francis was released from captivity and returned to France. On 10 May 1526, his royal council decided to break the treaty. Clement VII, convinced the Emperor's growing power threatened his position, sent envoys to Francis suggesting an alliance against Charles.

People involved

Sources

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