Agustín de Iturbide abdicates, ending the First Mexican Empire (1823)

Agustín de Iturbide abdicated the Mexican throne on 19 March 1823, ending the First Mexican Empire. Facing military defections and political opposition, he reconvened Congress to present his resignation. This act transferred power to a provisional government, establishing the First Mexican Republic and marking the end of the short-lived monarchy in the Americas.

Episodes

Background and detail

Abdication. Unable to suppress the revolt, Iturbide reconvened Congress in March 1823. He issued a decree on 4 March, and deputies met on 7 March. Recognizing the country's wishes, he personally reopened the Congress he had closed and presented his abdication on 19 March 1823, effectively ending the First Mexican Empire.

Aftermath. Following the abdication, power transferred to a republican provisional government. This government abolished the monarchy and established the First Mexican Republic. Central American provinces, which had briefly been part of the empire, moved for total independence, forming the Federal Republic of Central America in July 1823, with only Chiapas remaining in Mexico.

People involved

Sources

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