Charles X

Louis XVIII died on 16 September 1824, ending his reign as the last monarch to die in office.

Charles X succeeded Louis XVIII on 16 September 1824, taking the throne as the new King of France.

French warships arrived at Port-au-Prince in July 1825 to deliver the indemnity demand to Haiti.

President Jean-Pierre Boyer signed the indemnity treaty on 11 July 1825, accepting the French terms.

Charles X was anointed and crowned at Reims Cathedral on 29 May 1825, the first such ceremony since 1775 and the last for a French monarch.

Charles X used the incident to demand an apology and initiate a blockade against Algiers, which escalated when the Dey fired cannons at a blockading ship in 1829.

Hussein Dey struck French Consul Pierre Deval with a fly whisk on 29 April 1827 in Algiers, following a dispute over unpaid debts and perceived insults.

The Chamber of Deputies purchased the Palais Bourbon from the House of Condé in 1827 for 5,250,000 francs.

Elections for the Chamber of Deputies were held on 17 and 24 November 1827, resulting in the loss for the Ultra-royalists.

Zarafa left Marseille on 20 May 1827 to walk 900 km to Paris, avoiding dangerous sea routes.

Zarafa was presented to King Charles X at Saint-Cloud on 9 July 1827, causing a sensation in Paris.

Martignac attempted to appease liberals by loosening press controls, expelling Jesuits, and modifying electoral registration.

Jean-Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac, was appointed minister of the interior on 4 January 1828, becoming the virtual head of the cabinet.

Charles X dismissed Villèle on 5 January 1828 after losing his parliamentary majority in the November 1827 election.

Polignac lost his parliamentary majority in late August 1829 due to the defection of the Chateaubriand faction.

Charles X dismissed Prime Minister Jean-Baptiste de Martignac on 5 August 1829, replacing him with Jules de Polignac.

Jules de Polignac was appointed to the ministry of foreign affairs on 8 August 1829.

In November 1829, Polignac became president of the council, effectively the most powerful politician in France.

Charles X issued ordinances on 25 July 1830, suspending press freedom and dissolving the Chamber of Deputies, favoring the landed nobility.

Urban riots in Paris led to the July Revolution, resulting in the abdication of Charles X and the election of Louis Philippe I.

Charles X signed his abdication in favor of his grandson, the Duke of Bordeaux, at Rambouillet on 2 August 1830.

Louis Philippe I was sworn in as King of the French on 9 August 1830, establishing the July Monarchy.

Victor de Broglie served as President of the Council from August 1830 to November 1830, taking office on 9 August.

Jacques Laffitte became president of the Council of Ministers and Minister of Finance on 2 November 1830, succeeding Broglie.