Agustín de Iturbide dissolves the Mexican Congress

Background. By mid-1822, conflicts arose between Iturbide and the Congress regarding the appointment of Supreme Court members, legislative veto rights, and rural military tribunals. These proposals alienated even conservative deputies. The rejection of these executive powers led to a breakdown in relations, culminating in the dissolution of the legislative body by the Emperor.

Dissolution of Congress. On 31 October 1822, Iturbide dissolved the Congress of the Union. Two days later, he created the National Institutional Junta to legislate in its place. This junta was composed of his supporters and answered only to the Emperor, effectively centralizing legislative power under executive control.

National Institutional Junta. The National Institutional Junta was officially installed on 2 November 1822. It was vested with legislative power until a new congress could be formed. This body replaced the elected Congress, raising concerns about the legitimacy of the legislative process and the concentration of authority.