Convention of London on Ottoman–Egyptian affairs signed by the great powers
- When
- 1840
- Where
- London; Levant; Acre
- Episodes
- 3
The Convention of London, signed on 15 July 1840, was a treaty between the Great Powers and the Ottoman Empire aimed at pacifying the Levant. It offered Muhammad Ali permanent control over Egypt, Sudan, and southern Damascus if these remained Ottoman territories. The agreement initially failed to secure his acceptance, leading to military action and eventual compliance in November 1840.
Episodes
- Signing of the Convention
The Great Powers signed the Convention for the Pacification of the Levant with the Ottoman Empire on 15 July 1840.
- Rejection and Crisis
Muhammad Ali refused the terms, leading to the Oriental Crisis and military intervention by European powers.
- Acceptance after Acre
Muhammad Ali accepted the convention on 27 November 1840 following the capture of Acre.
Background and detail
Terms. The treaty, titled Convention for the Pacification of the Levant, offered Muhammad Ali and his heirs permanent control over Egypt, Sudan, and the southern part of the Damascus Eyalet. This arrangement was conditional on those territories remaining nominally part of the Ottoman Empire.
Implementation. Because Muhammad Ali did not accept the terms of the convention, the Oriental Crisis of 1840 resulted. In September 1840, the European powers eventually moved from diplomatic means to military action. Muhammad Ali finally had to accept the convention on 27 November 1840.
People involved
- Muhammad Ali · Rebellious Wali of Egypt, self-declared Khedive of Egypt and Sudan
- Great Powers · Signatories
- Ottoman Empire · Signatory
Sources
- Convention of London (1840) Wikipedia, revision of 2026-06-20
- Oriental Crisis of 1840 Wikipedia, revision of 2026-08-22
Machine-drafted from the cited Wikipedia passages and checked by a reviewing model, not by a human editor. Every passage cites the revision it was written from; dates and places follow those passages.