Benito Juárez returns to the Mexican presidency (1867)

Benito Juárez's restoration to the presidency in 1867 followed the collapse of the Second Mexican Empire. After French troops departed, Maximilian was captured and executed, ending the intervention. Juárez returned to Mexico City, marking the start of the Restored Republic, though his continued rule faced opposition from liberals who accused him of autocracy.

Episodes

Background and detail

Background. The Second French intervention in Mexico, lasting from 1861 to 1867, involved a military invasion by Napoleon III's empire. Material aid from the United States invigorated the Republican fight against Maximilian's regime. The 1866 decision by Napoleon III to withdraw military support accelerated the monarchy's collapse, leading to the end of the Second Mexican Empire.

Collapse of the Empire. French units began redeploying to Europe in 1866 due to domestic discontent and Prussian threats. Without substantial French support, the Second Mexican Empire collapsed in 1867. Maximilian and his supporters headed to Querétaro for a last stand, but were captured after a siege ended in May 1867. The last French troops departed in March 1867.

Restoration and Opposition. Juárez returned to Mexico City, where he continued as president. This period, known as the Restored Republic, began with the liberal triumph over the French intervention. However, his continuation in office after his term ended in 1865 led to accusations of autocracy. The liberal coalition split, resulting in armed conflict and challenges to his power.

People involved

Sources

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