John Quincy Adams

The impeachment trial commenced in the Senate on February 9, 1805, with Vice President Aaron Burr presiding.

The Senate acquitted Samuel Chase on March 1, 1805, failing to secure the two-thirds majority for conviction.

John Quincy Adams and Luis de Onís signed the treaty on 22 February 1819, transferring Florida to the US in exchange for Texas renunciation.

President James Monroe approved the congressional charter for Columbian College on February 9, 1821, establishing the first university under Washington, D.C.'s jurisdiction.

Monroe articulated the doctrine in his State of the Union address, opposing European intervention in the Americas.

No candidate won a majority of the electoral vote in the 1824 election, resulting in an inconclusive outcome.

The House of Representatives held a contingent election on February 9, 1825, to resolve the lack of an electoral majority.

John Quincy Adams was inaugurated as the sixth President of the United States on March 4, 1825.

The Tariff of 1828, called the "Tariff of Abominations," eroded Adams's Southern support and aided Jackson's campaign.

Presidential elections were held from October 31 to December 2, 1828, with Jackson winning a landslide victory.

Adams refused to attend Jackson's inauguration on March 4, 1829, embittered by his defeat.

Andrew Jackson was inaugurated as the seventh President on March 4, 1829, at the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.

Former President John Quincy Adams argued the case before the Supreme Court, speaking for four hours on February 24, 1841.

The Supreme Court affirmed the lower court's finding that the Africans were illegally enslaved, authorizing their release but denying government-funded return to Africa.

Thirty-five survivors returned to Sierra Leone in 1842, aided by private fundraising rather than government mandate.