Andrew Johnson

Lincoln secured the National Union Party nomination in Baltimore, overcoming intra-party opposition from Chase and Radical Republicans.

Presidential elections were held on November 8, 1864, near the end of the Civil War.

Lincoln was sworn in for his second term on March 4, 1865, at the U.S. Capitol, marking the start of his final term.

Lincoln delivered a brief address reflecting on the war and the Union, noting less need for an extended speech than before.

Andrew Johnson's vice-presidential oath and speech were widely criticized as a disaster and a mortifying fiasco.

John Wilkes Booth shot President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., on April 14, 1865, during a performance.

Boston Corbett fatally shot John Wilkes Booth at Garrett Farm in Virginia on April 26, 1865.

On May 23, 1865, Major General George Gordon Meade led an estimated 80,000 men of the Army of the Potomac down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C.

Tennessee's legislature approved a constitutional amendment prohibiting slavery on February 22, 1865, following earlier executive declarations of freedom.

Tennessee voters approved the constitutional amendment prohibiting slavery in March 1865, confirming the legislative decision.

President Andrew Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act on March 27, 1866, breaking with moderates who urged him to sign the bill.

Congress overrode Johnson's veto with a two-thirds majority in each chamber, enacting the law without presidential signature.

Representative Kasson proposed the Metric Act, citing its utility in arts and trades, to protect metric use in commerce.

The Act established official conversion tables from customary units and defined the metric system for legal use.

The House passed the bill in May 1866, and the Senate approved it in July, leading to presidential signature.

Tennessee became the first Confederate state to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment on July 18, 1866, granting citizenship and equal protection to former slaves.

On July 24, 1866, Tennessee became the first Confederate state to have its elected members readmitted to Congress, marking its restoration to the Union.

President Johnson called on Congress to assert that naturalization exempted native-born subjects from foreign military service obligations.

The House Committee on Foreign Affairs issued a report arguing against perpetual allegiance and recognizing the right to renounce citizenship.

Attorney-General Williams affirmed that the right of expatriation included U.S. citizens, though often used for denaturalization.

The initial version of the bill included harsh retaliation provisions against countries refusing to recognize the right to renounce citizenship.

Congress passed legislation on February 28, 1867, prohibiting future funding for US diplomatic missions to the Holy See, causing relations to lapse.

President Andrew Johnson signed the Wyoming Organic Act on July 25, 1868, creating the territory from lands previously held by Dakota, Idaho, and Utah.

The territorial government was formally organized on April 17, 1869, following the legislative establishment of the territory.

Johnson appointed Lorenzo Thomas as Secretary of War ad interim on February 21, 1868, attempting to replace Stanton.

The Select Committee on Reconstruction approved an amended impeachment resolution in a 7–2 party-line vote on February 22, 1868.

The House voted 126–47 to impeach Johnson for high crimes and misdemeanors following his attempt to remove Stanton.

The House voted to impeach Johnson for high crimes and misdemeanors, detailing charges in eleven articles.

The Senate formally convened as a court of impeachment with Chief Justice Chase presiding.

The impeachment trial adjourned on May 26, 1868, resulting in Johnson's acquittal.

The Treaty of Bosque Redondo was signed on June 1, 1868, at Fort Sumner, ending the Navajo Wars and allowing return to homeland.

On June 18, 1868, approximately 8,000 Navajo departed Fort Sumner to return to their homeland, accompanied by livestock.

States including Ohio, New Jersey, and Oregon rescinded their ratifications, but these actions did not invalidate the amendment.

Twenty-eight states ratified the amendment by July 9, 1868, including Louisiana and South Carolina, which had previously rejected it.

Secretary of State William H. Seward certified the amendment on July 20, 1868, assuming rescissions were invalid.

Grant was unanimously nominated on the first ballot at the Republican convention in Chicago, held May 20–21, 1868.

Seymour was nominated after several ballots at the Democratic convention in New York City, July 4–9, 1868.

Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 3, 1868.

Ulysses S. Grant was sworn in as the 18th President on March 4, 1869, at the Capitol, marking the start of his term and Colfax's vice presidency.

The 1869 inaugural parade was grander than previous ones, featuring eight divisions of soldiers and high-priced viewing windows.

At his 1869 inauguration, Grant stated his intention to favor policies promoting Native American civilization, Christianization, and ultimate citizenship.