The Year of the Three Emperors: Wilhelm I dies, Friedrich III and Wilhelm II succeed

Background. The term 'Year of the Three Emperors' denotes the German historical year 1888. It is significant because two emperors died during this period, resulting in a rapid succession of three monarchs. The three rulers involved were Wilhelm I, Friedrich III, and Wilhelm II. This sequence occurred within the German Empire, highlighting a unique dynastic transition in a single year.

Wilhelm I. Wilhelm I served as King of Prussia from 1861 and German Emperor from 1871. He died on 9 March 1888 in Berlin at the age of 90 following a short illness. His death marked the beginning of the succession crisis, as he was succeeded by his son, who had previously served as Crown Prince for many years.

Friedrich III. Friedrich III, also known as Frederick III, became German Emperor and King of Prussia on 9 March 1888. His reign lasted only 99 days, ending with his death on 15 June 1888. He had been Crown Prince for seventeen years before his accession. His short rule was characterized by illness, including a diagnosis of cancer, which limited his ability to govern.

Wilhelm II. Wilhelm II succeeded his father Friedrich III upon the latter's death in June 1888. He was 29 years old at the time of his accession. Wilhelm II became the last German Emperor, reigning until his abdication in 1918. His rise to power completed the succession of three emperors within the single year of 1888.