Founding of Salisbury, Rhodesia (Harare)

Background. Cecil Rhodes and his British South Africa Company raised the Pioneer Column in 1890 to annex Mashonaland. The column's route began at Macloutsie in Bechuanaland on 28 June 1890. The force was a military volunteer group of settlers organized by Rhodes, operating under the authority of the British South Africa Company to establish control in the region.

Founding. The city was founded on 12 September 1890 as a fort by the Pioneer Column. It was named Fort Salisbury after the British Prime Minister Lord Salisbury. The settlement was established by a small military force of the British South Africa Company, marking the beginning of colonial administration in the area.

Disbandment. The Pioneer Corps was officially disbanded on 1 October 1890. Each member of the column was granted land on which to farm, transitioning from military service to agricultural settlement. This disbandment marked the end of the column's active military role in the immediate founding period.