First regular Canadian army units formed from garrison artillery batteries

Background. Prior to 1871, volunteer Canadian artillery batteries existed, though their history is largely unknown. The Militia Act of 1855 allowed for a paid military force, leading to the formation of seven batteries. However, the creation of regular army units occurred specifically on 20 October 1871, following the withdrawal of British forces from most Canadian locations in 1870–71.

Formation of Batteries. The first regular Canadian army units were created as two batteries of garrison artillery. "A" Battery was located in Kingston, Ontario, at Fort Henry and Tête du Pont Barracks. "B" Battery was established in Quebec City. Both batteries functioned as gunnery schools and performed garrison duties in their respective towns.

Legacy. The date of 20 October 1871 is considered the birthday of the Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery. These batteries are still active today as part of the 1st Regiment, Royal Canadian Horse Artillery. The formation marked a transition from British garrison control to Canadian regular army units.