Joseph Jenkins Roberts sworn in as first president of independent Liberia

Background. Roberts was born free in Norfolk, Virginia, and emigrated to the colony of Liberia in 1829 under the auspices of the American Colonization Society. He became a prominent merchant and politician, serving as vice governor in 1839 and later as the first African-American governor of Liberia from 1841 to 1848.

Independence and Election. Liberia declared independence on July 26, 1847, based on principles of the United States Constitution. Roberts won the first presidential election on October 5, 1847, becoming the first man of African descent to govern the country. His inauguration followed shortly after the declaration of independence.

Inauguration. Roberts was sworn into office on January 3, 1848, in Monrovia, the capital of the young colony. He served as the first president from 1848 to 1856. During his first year, he attempted to attain recognition from the United States and European nations.