José Ignacio Pavón's brief interim presidency of Mexico

Background. The Reform War was a civil conflict between liberals and conservatives over the Constitution of 1857. Miguel Miramón served as the conservative president from February 1859 to December 1860. José Ignacio Pavón, a civil servant and conservative supporter, briefly assumed the presidency in August 1860. His appointment was described as a simple bureaucratic formality, occurring during the final months of the war before the conservative forces surrendered.

Presidential Transition. Pavón served as interim president for two days in August 1860. This brief tenure was a bureaucratic formality rather than a substantive political shift. Immediately following Pavón's two-day term, Miguel Miramón resumed the presidency. Miramón continued to lead the conservative faction until the war ended in December 1860, when liberal victories accumulated and conservative forces surrendered.

Aftermath. The Reform War concluded in December 1860 with the surrender of conservative forces. Liberal victories had accumulated throughout the conflict, leading to the end of the war. The main fighting ended by the end of 1860, though guerrilla warfare continued in the countryside. The conflict resulted in the establishment of a secular state, marking the end of the conservative presidency held by Miramón.