United States House votes to end joint occupation of Oregon Country

Background. The joint occupation of the Oregon Country became a significant political issue during the 1844 U.S. presidential election, where the Democratic Party proposed annexing the entire area. This stance influenced public opinion, with newspaper editors clamoring for full claim, as seen in headlines like "The Whole of Oregon or None" in November 1845. The slogan "Fifty-four Forty or Fight!" emerged in January 1846, driven by Democratic press, reflecting the heightened tensions.

Presidential Call to Congress. In his annual address to Congress on December 2, 1845, President Polk recommended giving the British government the required one-year notice to terminate the joint occupation agreement. This recommendation followed earlier diplomatic efforts, including a summer 1845 proposal to divide Oregon along the 49th parallel, which Polk withdrew in August 1845 after feeling offended by British responses. The call to Congress marked a shift from negotiation to formal legislative action.

Legislative Compliance. Although Polk called on Congress in December 1845 to pass a resolution notifying the British of the termination of the joint occupancy agreement, compliance was delayed. It was not until April 23, 1846, that both houses of Congress complied with the request. This delay highlights the legislative process's role in formalizing the end of joint occupation, distinct from the earlier diplomatic negotiations and press advocacy.