James Monroe sworn in as fifth President of the United States

Background. Monroe resigned as Secretary of War in March 1815 and took over the leadership of the State Department again, emerging from the war politically strengthened and a promising presidential candidate. His wartime leadership established him as Madison's heir apparent, and he easily defeated Federalist candidate Rufus King in the 1816 presidential election. This victory set the stage for his inauguration in 1817.

Ceremony. The inauguration took place on Tuesday, March 4, 1817, in front of the Old Brick Capitol, where the Supreme Court building now stands. Monroe arrived at noon before a crowd of approximately 8,000 people, the largest gathering in the city to that point. Vice President Tompkins spoke briefly before Monroe delivered his address.

Inaugural Address. Monroe, noted as not being a good public speaker, delivered his inaugural address during the ceremony. His speech was difficult for the audience to hear, contrasting with the brief remarks by Vice President Tompkins. The event marked the commencement of Monroe's first four-year term as president.