Carlos Manuel de Céspedes launches the Ten Years' War (Grito de Yara)

Background. Social tensions in Cuba rose due to failed reform efforts, the demise of the Information Board, and an economic crisis in 1866/67. The Revolutionary Committee of Bayamo was founded in July 1867. The conspiracy spread to Oriente, particularly Manzanillo, where Céspedes became the main protagonist. The uprising was originally planned for 14 October but was moved up four days earlier because the Spaniards discovered the plan.

The Declaration at La Demajagua. On the morning of 10 October 1868, Céspedes sounded the Bell of La Demajagua. He announced that his slaves were free men and invited them to join the war against the Spanish government. He issued the '10th of October Manifesto' at La Demajagua, signaling the start of an all-out military uprising. This event is known as the Grito de Yara.

Immediate Context and Legacy. Céspedes called on men of all races to join the fight for freedom. The declaration initiated the Ten Years' War, the first of three liberation wars Cuba fought against Spain. The event is commemorated in Cuba as a national holiday called the Cry of Yara. Full independence from Spain was the goal of this rebellion.