Gallaudet University founded in Washington, D.C.

Background. The institution began as a grammar school for deaf and blind children. By the 1863–64 academic year, college-level courses were offered for the first time. Edward Miner Gallaudet sought formal college status for the Columbia Institution, aiming to authorize degree conferral. This desire led to legislative action in early 1864, culminating in President Lincoln signing an enabling act on April 8.

Charter and Naming. The 38th Congress authorized the institution to grant and confirm college degrees. The enabling act was signed by President Lincoln on April 8, 1864. The collegiate department became known as the "National College for the Deaf and Dumb" from 1864 to 1865. The corporate name remained the Columbia Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb and Blind until 1894.

Leadership. Edward Miner Gallaudet was the first president of the institution, serving from 1864 to 1910. He was also the head administrator for 53 years and president of the board of directors for 47 years. His inaugural address in 1864 marked the beginning of his presidency, which established the foundation for the college's future development.