Cauca secedes from New Granada, sparking civil war (1860–1862)

In May 1860, the state of Cauca seceded from the Granadine Confederation, sparking a civil war. This occurred in response to laws granting the president power to intervene in state affairs. Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera declared Cauca a sovereign state, leading to conflict that lasted until 1862.

Episodes

Background and detail

Background. The Granadine Confederation was established in 1858, replacing the Republic of New Granada. Tensions arose between conservatives and liberals. In 1859, laws were passed allowing the president to remove governors and control state resources, which caused instability and resistance from liberal states.

Secession of Cauca. On May 8, 1860, Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera broke relations with the national government. He declared himself Supreme Director of War and proclaimed the Sovereign State of Cauca as a separate nation. This act directly triggered the outbreak of civil war.

Civil War Outbreak. The secession of Cauca led to a broader conflict. The Granadine Confederation was defeated in Bogotá in 1861 when Mosquera deposed President Bartolomé Calvo. The war lasted until November 1862, marking the end of the Confederation's short life.

People involved

Sources

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