Capture of New Orleans by Union forces

Background. Governor Thomas Overton Moore interdicted efforts to make New Orleans a neutral area following Lincoln's 1860 election. Flag Officer David Farragut received secret instructions in February 1862 to command the Gulf Blockading Squadron. He sailed from Hampton Roads on the USS Hartford, accompanied by a fleet of 17 ships, to secure access to the Mississippi River.

Naval Engagement. Farragut's flotilla passed the guns of Confederate strongholds, including Forts Jackson and St. Philip, during April 1862. The engagement occurred between April 16 and April 28, 1862. This naval action enabled the subsequent occupation of the city by Union forces, marking a significant strategic victory for the Union on the Mississippi River.

Occupation and Command. Benjamin Butler commanded the force that conducted the capture of New Orleans after its naval occupation. Butler's governance was popular in the North but controversial due to actions against foreign consuls and inflammatory orders. His position became untenable, leading to his withdrawal from command in December 1862, just eight months after taking command.

Controversial Orders. Butler issued General Order No. 28 in May 1862, which mandated harsh treatment for women insulting Union soldiers. This order provoked protests in the North, South, and abroad, particularly in Britain and France. Confederate President Jefferson Davis denounced Butler as a felon deserving capital punishment in December 1862.