Bosnian uprising against the Ottoman Empire begins

Background. The uprising was a revolt of Bosnian Ayans against Sultan Mahmud II, sparked by the abolition of the Janissaries and the weakening of noble privileges. Bosnian Muslims feared these reforms signaled the empire's collapse and potential persecution. The transfer of territories from the Sanjak of Zvornik to Serbia further fueled resentment among the Bosnian nobility, who felt unprotected by the Porte.

Leadership. Husein Gradaščević, known as the 'Dragon of Bosnia', was an Ottoman Bosnian military commander who rose to prominence as the spokesman for Bosnian captains. Although not initially opposed to reforms, he became a central figure in the revolt. His political influence grew significantly after the Russo-Ottoman War, culminating in his leadership of the uprising in 1831.

Outbreak. The rebellion was formally initiated by the ayans of Posavina in 1830, who decided to rise against the reforms due to territorial threats. Gradaščević hosted a gathering of aristocrats in Gradačac in late 1830. On 29 March 1831, he set out towards Travnik with approximately 4,000 men, marking the beginning of the armed conflict.