Black Hills Seizure · Event of 1868: General William Tecumseh Sherman brokers the Treaty of Fort Laramie, between the

Congress unilaterally seized the Black Hills in 1877; the 1980 Supreme Court later ruled the taking illegal under the 1868 treaty's terms.

The Great Sioux Reservation established by article two included the Black Hills. Congress modified the treaty multiple times, including unilaterally seizing the Black Hills in 1877. In the 1980 case United States v., the Supreme Court reasoned that the government had unlawfully abrogated article two during 1876 negotiations without achieving the signatures of two-thirds of the adult male population required, and had thereby illegally taken land granted by the 1868 treaty. Later amendments lacking the required agreement of three-fourths of adult males have been deemed invalid under the 1868 terms.

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